Transitioning from scientist to startup founder means moving from expert to leader; your habits, communication and decisions shape the company's culture.

Ownership in a startup can have a large impact in the future of the company, and should be discussed early

An MVP is a Minimum Viable Prototype, the first step at validating your value proposition

Understanding the three main aspects of a product. Design, engineering and communication

Techniques to get the information you are after when you interview future customers

Defining value and delivering it to customers is the first step of creating a business.

Grants provide non‑dilutive funding but are competitive and should be used to de‑risk early technical milestones rather than replace a business model; focus on building a sustainable company.

Investors and founders eventually need to realise the value they’ve created; plan early by understanding acquisitions, IPOs, licensing and how to prepare the business for these exits.

For scientists turned entrepreneurs, pursuing a patent and publishing research require careful timing. Public disclosure before filing can invalidate novelty; work with your technology transfer office early to protect your IP while still publishing.

Startup teams have finite resources, so deciding whether to build capabilities internally or outsource them is crucial. Developing in-house offers control and rapid iteration; outsourcing gives access to expertise and resources but may slow learning.